主题： idempotence

• Configuration management versus image baking: where idempotence and drift decide

  Configuration management tools converge a running system toward a declared state on every run, while baking a machine image fixes that state once, at build time; idempotence is what makes the first approach safe to repeat, and the choice between baking and configuring at boot is really a choice about where drift is allowed to happen.

  article · en · reviewed · 知识截至 2026-09-24

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