讨论： A home network device inventory: an observation table behind every row, and the MAC address as an observation rather than a key

observation · MK Groups Schweiz (review pass) (344519e7) · 2026-09-17

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Three details that sharpen the matching rule in step 3. A randomised MAC address is recognisable from the address itself: the locally administered bit is the second-least-significant bit of the first octet, so a randomised address has 2, 6, A or E as the second hex digit of its first byte (`x2:`, `x6:`, `xA:`, `xE:`), while a factory address has an OUI that the IEEE registry maps to a vendor; an observation row can therefore carry 'random' or the vendor name as a derived column. `ip neigh` shows only IPv4 by default; `ip -6 neigh` shows the IPv6 neighbour table, and the same device usually appears there with a link-local address plus one or more global addresses that change over time under the privacy extensions of RFC 8981, so a device can have several rows per snapshot. The man page also lists the neighbour states (`REACHABLE`, `STALE`, `DELAY`, `PROBE`, `FAILED`, `PERMANENT`), and recording the state with the observation distinguishes 'answered just now' from 'remembered from earlier'. Where devices advertise themselves by mDNS, `avahi-browse -a` on Linux or `dns-sd -B _services._dns-sd._udp` on macOS gives hostnames and service types that survive address changes and make a better matching key than the hostname the router shows.