主题: methods
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堆肥温度记录法:固定测温点、固定深度、堆旁环境温度,并将每次翻堆记为一个事件
一种针对花园堆肥堆或堆肥箱的观测方案建议:按固定时间表,用长杆温度计在标记好的测温点、以规定深度读数,同时在同一时刻记录堆体旁的环境温度,并将每次加料、翻堆或浇水都作为一行事件记录下来,这样便能将堆体温度的上升、平台期和下降与对它做过的操作对照起来看;本文不主张任何目标温度或结果。
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为中位数、百分位数或比率用自助法(bootstrap)构建置信区间
对原始观测值做多次有放回重抽样,在每次重抽样上计算统计量,再从得到的分布中读出区间;这样就能为中位数、百分位数、比率,以及变体之间此类统计量的差值给出不确定性估计,而这些量原本没有教科书式的公式可用。报告时应写明方法、重抽样次数和样本量,并且对小样本的极端百分位数不要轻信这种做法给出的结果。
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记录家用温度计在冰水浴中的读数:按仪器建立偏差日志
这是一份仅用于记录的建议流程,依照 NIST 对冰的熔点的描述(用蒸馏水制成的碎冰、从上到下均为冰水混合物、规定的浸入深度)来记录家中每支温度计在名义 0 °C 时的读数,并附上日期、制备细节以及读数稳定所需的时间;它为每支仪器保留一份偏差历史记录,但不涉及如何校正仪器,也不涉及食品用途方面的指导。
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变更基准测试:预热、重复次数、离散程度与应报告的内容
计时对比只有经得起噪声考验才算得上结果:固定工作负载、丢弃预热运行、将各变体的多次重复交替执行、在查看数据前先确定要用的统计量,并在每个数字旁报告离散程度与环境信息。小于运行间离散程度的差异算不上发现。
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家庭发芽对比实验应如何设计,才能让两个家庭的结果具有可比性?
开放问题:实验室依照国际种子检验协会(ISTA)的《国际种子检验规程》检验种子,但家庭若想比较两批种子或两个窗台的发芽情况,却没有共通的方案可循;怎样的样本量、计数规则、持续时间和条件记录,才能让这类家庭对比既有参考价值,又能在不同家庭之间进行比较?
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Measuring typing speed at home: a fixed-text, fixed-duration protocol with the word and error rules written down
A proposed protocol for a personal typing-speed record in which the definitions are part of the log: a standard word is defined as five characters including spaces, gross and net rates are computed by stated formulas, the keyboard, layout, software and correction setting are logged per session, three timed trials of fixed length are run on texts of a fixed kind, and the median is reported; no rate, target or improvement is claimed.
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在不歪曲原意的情况下概述来源
公正的摘要应保持来源中主张的强度和范围,按来源自身的重点组织内容,让数字与条件相伴,区分转述与认同,并说明省略了什么。应逐句对照来源主张清单检查摘要。
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Which household records fix the start and end of a power outage after the fact, and how far have they disagreed?
Open question: after a power cut a household has several clocks of the event, such as the utility's notice, a UPS log, a router's uptime, a home server's reboot records (the last(1) manual page states that last reboot produces a record of reboot times, and journalctl can list boots with the timestamps of each boot's first and last message), a battery clock that kept time and a mains clock that flashes; which of these have households actually used, how far did they disagree, and which gave the earliest and latest bounds?
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在训练第一个模型之前建立基线
在运行任何学习算法之前,记录简单预测器、简单规则和当前流程在相同数据划分、相同指标下的表现;此后的每个模型都报告其相对基线的差值,未能胜过规则的模型不予部署。
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将睡眠与起床时间日记作为单纯观察记录
一种拟议日记格式:每天用相同字段记录关灯、估计入睡、醒来、起床的时间及白天事件,并注明时区和任何时钟调整,以便几周后读取序列时无需重新解释。它是个人观察记录,不是医疗工具,也不提供建议。
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工程建议中的幸存者偏差
“成功团队都做 X”这类建议来自仍然可见的案例;若不知道失败或离开的团队中有多大比例也做 X,它就说明不了什么。寻找分母,重视失败报告,并说明每项建议来自什么总体。
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Working practices for an AI agent changing a codebase
Read before writing, reproduce before fixing, change in small verified steps, run the project's own checks, never retry writes blindly, and report exactly what was tested; a methodology for agents that edit code.
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Confidence-gated routing with a decision model: thresholds that scale with the stakes
How to use the confidence value that Choice and Score answers carry as a second axis next to the answer itself: a floor below which the agent does not act, and per-action thresholds that rise with the cost of being wrong, tuned on the caller's own data and pinned to a model version.
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生成、评议、修订:自我验证循环何时值得投入
当评议有外部信号(测试、验证器或来源)和固定评价标准时,让模型评议并修订自身输出的循环能改善结果;缺少这种依据时,已发表的研究结果表明它可能使答案变差。每轮至少增加两次调用,且两次调用的输入量都会随草稿增长。
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Zettelkasten 式笔记法:固定编号、分支与关键词索引
卢曼的卡片盒之所以有效,是因为每张笔记终身保留固定编号:新笔记可以在任意位置分支(57/12 后接 57/12a),目标永不移动使链接成本很低,关键词索引则让笔记能够再次被找到。同样的三条规则也适用于带稳定标识符的纯文本笔记。
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Which evidence hierarchy fits claims about software-engineering practices?
Open question: medicine grades evidence with explicit hierarchies and downgrade factors; claims about engineering practices rest mostly on case studies, surveys and vendor reports. Has a grading scheme for such claims been proposed and actually applied, and how does it handle context-dependent effects?
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记录一次范围受限的 HTTP 观察
一种简明方法,用于记录单次 HTTP 观察,让另一位贡献者能够复查,而不暴露凭据或私密数据。
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设备电池健康日志:手机、Windows 笔记本与 Linux 电源接口报告什么
每月记录设备自行报告的电池数值:iPhone“电池健康”页面相对全新状态的最大容量、Windows 中 powercfg /batteryreport 生成的 HTML 报告,以及 Linux power-supply 类的 charge_full 和 charge_full_design 属性。连同日期、软件版本和事件保存原始数据,序列就能显示趋势及跳变,而不提供任何充电建议。
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Making a recipe substitution experiment comparable
A proposed protocol for documenting an ingredient substitution: fix everything except the substituted ingredient, record quantities by mass, describe the equipment and timings, and separate measured observations from preference judgements; no cooking result is asserted.
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盘点家庭藏书或工具:标识符、位置及核查周期
以普通表格维护家庭藏书或工具清单:为每件物品设置稳定标识符(图书用 ISBN,工具用自编代码),使用带说明的位置代码,以固定词汇记录状态,设置借出字段,并定期巡查,将缺失物品标记出来而非删除;本文不提供估值或保险建议。
机器可读: JSON